After mastering the Caesar shift cypher one may wonder how to generalize it. One possible way is to use Affine cypher. The difference between these two methods can be described as follows:
In case of Caesar cypher we took a letter with position
In case of affine cypher we take a letter with position
To decipher such code we need to know values
Does there always exist a number
Using data
In the middle of an empty pool there is a square platform of
For example, let’s consider the case when the heights of the towers are as given in the table on the right. Then at the water level of
Find out how Sunny should build his towers to get the following numbers of islands corresponding to the level of water in the pool:
In the solution, write down how many cubes are there composing a tower in each cell as it is done in the example.
On the grid paper, Theresa drew a rectangle
The school cafeteria offers three varieties of pancakes and five different toppings. How many different pancakes with toppings can Emmanuel order? He has to have exactly one topping on each pancake.
How many six-digit numbers are there whose digits all have the same parity? That is, either all six digits are even, or all six digits are odd.
Donald’s sister Maggie goes to a nursery. One day the teacher at the nursery asked Maggie and the other children to stand a circle. When Maggie came home she told Donald that it was very funny that in the circle every child held hands with either two girls or two boys. Given that there were five boys standing in the circle, how many girls were standing in the circle?
We say that a figure is convex if a segment connecting any two points lays fully within the figure. On the picture below the pentagon on the left is convex and the one on the right is not.
Is it possible to draw
Cambria was building various cuboids from
A labyrinth was drawn on a
Please draw how the walls were arranged. Keep in mind that the numbers in the cells represent the smallest number of steps needed to exit the maze, starting from that cell. A step can be taken to any adjacent cell vertically or horizontally, but not diagonally (and only if there is no wall between them, of course).
Is it possible to cut this figure, called "camel"
a) along the grid lines;
b) not necessarily along the grid lines;
into
(We give you several copies to facilitate drawing)