Two people toss a coin: one tosses it 10 times, the other – 11 times. What is the probability that the second person’s coin showed heads more times than the first?
A spherical planet is surrounded by 25 point asteroids. Prove, that at any given moment there will be a point on the surface of the planet from which an astronomer will not be able to see more than 11 asteroids.
On a line, there are 50 segments. Prove that either it is possible to find some 8 segments all of which have a shared intersection, or there can be found 8 segments, no two of which intersect.
10 people collected a total of 46 mushrooms in a forest. It is known that no two people collected the same number of mushrooms. How many mushrooms did each person collect?
10 magazines lie on a coffee table, completely covering it. Prove that you can remove five of them so that the remaining magazines will cover at least half of the table.
In a square which has sides of length 1 there are 100 figures, the total area of which sums to more than 99. Prove that in the square there is a point which belongs to all of these figures.
Every point in a plane, which has whole-number co-ordinates, is plotted in one of \(n\) colours. Prove that there will be a rectangle made out of 4 points of the same colour.
\(2n\) diplomats sit around a round table. After a break the same \(2n\) diplomats sit around the same table, but this time in a different order.
Prove that there will always be two diplomats with the same number of people sitting between them, both before and after the break.
A gang contains 50 gangsters. The whole gang has never taken part in a raid together, but every possible pair of gangsters has taken part in a raid together exactly once. Prove that one of the gangsters has taken part in no less than 8 different raids.
A Cartesian plane is coloured in in two colours. Prove that there will be two points on the plane that are a distance of 1 apart and are the same colour.